NURS FPX 6030 Assessment 3 Intervention Plan Design

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Capella university

NURS-FPX 6030 MSN Practicum and Capstone

Prof. Name

Date

Intervention Plan Design

Based on the PICO(T) framework created for adult diabetic patients at the Riverside Community Hospital (RCH), the intervention includes an effective and holistic lifestyle modification program for type II diabetes. This assessment will describe features of the intervention to improve glycemic control, taking into account the cultural requirements of the population and the setting. Further, the paper assesses the theoretical nursing models, interdisciplinary approaches, and healthcare technologies to underpin the intervention. Furthermore, stakeholders’ requirements, government legislation, and guidelines are considered to conform with stakeholder expectations and the health care organization’s objectives. Lastly, the ethical and legal considerations regarding the intervention are discussed to focus on the patient and the use of research evidence.

Intervention Plan Components 

The intervention plan for this project involves developing a comprehensive lifestyle modification program consisting of three key components: The three areas of intervention are diet and nutrition, physical activity, and stress. The diet and nutrition component involves the development of food plans for low glycemic index foods, portion control, and a low amount of processed sugars (Petroni et al., 2021). It will include initial and follow-up counseling on dietary change and providing educational materials on recommended diets. Within the second physical activity component, patients will engage in structured programs of aerobic, strength, and flexibility exercises according to their fitness profile. Guided group meetings and informative sessions will promote physical activity as a part of the daily plan (O’Donoghue et al., 2021).

Lastly, the third component focuses on stress control through coping activities such as mindfulness, meditation, and yoga. People will have mental health counseling services to help them with stress issues that interfere with glycemic control (Hamasaki, 2023). These components will effectively respond to the identified need for glycemic control in adult type II diabetes because they will treat the causes of the disease, including poor diet, lack of exercise, and stress. These components are the best options because the holistic diabetes plan ensures that the body is handled fully in preventing and managing diabetes.

NURS FPX 6030 Assessment 3 Intervention Plan Design

The success of the intervention plan can be evaluated using specific criteria, including measurable improvements in glycemic control (e.g., reduction in HbA1c levels) and adherence to individualized plans. In addition to functional outcomes, changes in patient-reported outcomes, including quality of life, energy, and mood, will be collected. Furthermore, extended benefits like decreased episodes of complications of diabetes and hospitalization can support the program’s efficacy (Kumari et al., 2021). Finally, subsequent follow-up and feedback shall facilitate further strengthening the intervention program and explore the barriers to successfully implementing sustainable lifestyle modifications.

Cultural Needs and Characteristics of Population and Setting

The target population of adult patients aged 18–65 is multicultural, multilingual, polyethnic, and multireligious, and they can have different eating habits, perceptions of health and illness, and income levels. Some of the patients may be from minority groups that are most affected by type II diabetes and, therefore, require culturally sensitive treatment. For instance, there might be specific traditional foods or certain forms of conventional perspectives that must be included in the dietary plans (Piombo et al., 2020). Language differences may also need support through multiple education materials translated into different languages.

Simultaneously, in the healthcare setting, RCH serves a multicultural population in an urban area. These cultural features of the hospital are equality and diversity, hospital staff, and interpreters. This environment supports the use of culturally appropriate interventions. However, due to the limited time spent on patients in inpatient care settings, the interventions must be culturally sensitive and realistic in the acute care environment. By addressing these cultural characteristics, the intervention provides fair, efficient, and patient-centered diabetes care, which promotes patient participation and improved results.

Theoretical Foundations 

The Health Promotion Model (HPM) further underpins the intervention plan. HPM focuses on how an individual’s beliefs, experiences, and the environment affect their health behaviors (Chen & Hsieh, 2021) and, therefore, suitable for lifestyle change interventions. This model can accommodate individual goal-setting, dealing with perceived obstacles, and enhancing self-efficacy. For example, it can be easily integrated with diet and physical activity interventions where the client’s beliefs about food and exercise affect compliance. However, the HPM may distort some more intricate behavioral factors, relying on the respondent’s perception of beliefs and motivations, which may bias the assessment results.  

Secondly, a behavioral strategy from psychology, such as the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), is also relevant to the intervention plan. It assists in evaluating an individual’s stage of change about the suggested healthier behaviors so that the interventions can reach the participant at the appropriate stage (Raihan & Cogburn, 2023). For instance, patients still at the ‘preparation’ level may need elaborate action plans to be provided. In contrast, another person at the ‘maintenance’ level may need follow-up reminders to sustain his/her progress. However, the TTM prescribes a linear model of stage transition and does not account for the cyclical nature of behavior change or environmental influences on change readiness.

Lastly, mobile health technologies (mHealth) are imperative for observing progress and compliance with the set interventions. These tools also help healthcare providers track patients’ progress from a distance, bring about accountability, and modify intervention plans appropriately. A key limitation of mHealth technologies is the issue related to patient engagement and technology availability and reliability, including digital literacy and privacy concerns, as well as the variability in the availability of the appropriate devices and the internet (Giebel et al., 2024).

Justification of Interventional Plan

• The (HPM) provides a rationale for the selected design choices for the intervention plan by focusing on the person’s attributes, actions, and surroundings. The evidence validates HPM-controlled interventions with self-efficacy and perceived barriers that generate better results in prompting lifestyle change (Chen & Hsieh, 2021). Therefore, this model provides the rationale for incorporating specially designed educational materials and personal goals during the intervention. However, the critics described a limitation of the HPM in that it paints a simple picture of behavior change without recognizing social and economic determinants regarding patient compliance.
• TTM, taken from psychology, is used to determine the stage of change readiness. Research shows that stage-based interventions are more effective because patients are given appropriate interventions for their stage of change, which increases their interest and effectiveness in the long run (Raihan & Cogburn, 2023). However, critics of TTM argue that categorizing its stages is inaccurate. Hence, the interventions are rather broad and may not capture the variability of the target population.
• mHealth technologies support the justification of the intervention design in that they provide real-time data and feedback that have been found to improve patient compliance with lifestyle changes. For example, research on mHealth apps for chronic illnesses, such as diabetes, reveals enhanced patient involvement and self-management results (Alaslawi et al., 2022). However, contrary evidence is available about the availability and effectiveness of these technologies for all the patient categories, especially the elderly and patients with low health literacy.

Stakeholders, Policy, and Regulations 

The stakeholders are nurses, physicians, dietitians, fitness trainers, mental health counselors, administrative staff, and patients. The needs of these stakeholders will influence the intervention plan by ensuring that the focus is on collaboration, clarity, and resources. Nurses and physicians require evidence-based protocols and training to implement the intervention effectively.

Dietitians and fitness trainers need culturally tailored tools to develop accessible dietary and exercise plans. Mental health counselors require the integration of stress management techniques into the program. Administrative staff need streamlined processes and adequate resources to manage logistics efficiently. Patients need personalized support, clear communication, and accessible tools to ensure engagement and adherence. Addressing these needs will create a well-rounded intervention plan supporting stakeholders and patient outcomes.

NURS FPX 6030 Assessment 3 Intervention Plan Design

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) has shifted focus on preventive measures and long-term illness treatment (Furmanchuk et al., 2021). Recommendations for health education and promotion in hospital settings will influence policies favoring the integration of health promotion programs into the comprehensive care model overlay, altering the adaptation of the intervention plan strategy. Also, the healthcare regulation of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) will influence data privacy in the intervention context. HIPAA guidelines on the use of patient health information will inform the design of electronic tools for patient care and monitoring as well as follow-up to ensure that the patient’s privacy is upheld. 

The Joint Commission is a relevant governing body and an approval entity that encompasses the quality of healthcare facilities (Wadhwa & Boehning, 2023). Their focus on the patient and the quality of the outcome will affect the formality of the intervention components (such as patient education) to conform to accreditation. It is assumed that stakeholders will work cooperatively and integrate a patient-oriented approach. Moreover, it is presumed that the ACA’s policies and recommendations will promote preventive care integration, and patient data privacy rules under HIPAA will not interfere with effective intervention tools. The analysis also assumes that Joint Commission guidelines complement the intervention’s accreditation objectives. 

Ethical and Legal Implications 

The project’s ethical considerations are patient autonomy, patient confidentiality, and fair distribution of care. Patient self-determination presupposes that individuals must be allowed to decide about their intervention involvement (Sass, 2023). Confidentiality is paramount, especially in the employment of mHealth technologies, because privacy is captured in ethical and legal requirements in data management. Equity in providing care is important to ensure that all clients from different economic statuses and backgrounds are given equal access to health facilities (Sass, 2023).

In our plan, these facilities include eating plans that promote healthy foods, exercise options, and stress control tools, which are important for the success of the intervention. Because of these ethical considerations, the healthcare personnel have the best training to maintain privacies, cultural sensitivity, and health inequalities. Organizational policies also have to support diversity, openness, and data protection, such as encrypted mHealth applications. It is expected that the specific components of the intervention, such as meal plans and counseling, should be patient involvement based to promote ethical, patient-centered care and enhance patient participation and adherence.

NURS FPX 6030 Assessment 3 Intervention Plan Design

The core of this project is the legal aspect of patients’ right to privacy, data security, and voluntary consent. HIPAA requires that patient health information be protected, especially when using mHealth technologies to gather, store, and transmit information (Edemekong et al., 2024). It is legally required to encrypt and store patient’s data properly to avoid being on the wrong side of the law. Second, it is necessary to obtain informed consent to determine how patients agree to share their data and make decisions concerning their data utilization. These legal issues will affect healthcare practice by putting into practice the legal requirement of privacy and clarifying how data will be used. Legal compliance and patient data management will be areas of focus that must be trained for healthcare providers. Organizational changes will probably be the introduction of secure technologies and the creation of policies that conform to HIPAA.

The general solution should then include specifics of implementing security measures discussed in this work to respective specific digital health tool components, with the consent form also reflecting the current legal framework.One of the research gaps is the best practice of implementing mHealth technologies in various patient populations with low levels of digital literacy. Some unclear implementation considerations are how the intervention will be culturally tailored to food choices and physical activity. More studies are required to understand how to provide care for all patients in a legal way and respect patients’ rights to privacy. There is also limited evidence on the long-term durability and cost of such interventions and the cross-over of such interventions to other healthcare settings.

Conclusion 

In conclusion, the intervention plan of diet and nutrition, physical activity, and stress is a holistic model for type II diabetes. Integrating such theoretical models as HPM and TTM makes such a patient approach possible, while mHealth technologies provide constant engagement. Respecting ethical and legal relations of patient autonomy, confidentiality, and data security promotes equity. Stakeholders’ involvement and compliance with research-based practices, policies, and rules in delivering the intervention will maintain and strengthen the treatment’s viability and conformity to medical standards.

References

Alaslawi, H., Berrou, I., Al Hamid, A., Alhuwail, D., & Aslanpour, Z. (2022). Diabetes self-management apps: Systematic review of adoption determinants and future research agenda. JMIR Diabetes, 7(3), e28153. https://doi.org/10.2196/28153 

Chen, H.-H., & Hsieh, P.-L. (2021). Applying the Pender’s health promotion model to identify the factors related to older adults’ participation in community-based health promotion activities. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18199985

Edemekong, P. F., Annamaraju, P., Afzal, M., & Haydel, M. J. (2024). Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) compliance. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK500019/ 

Furmanchuk, A., Liu, M., Song, X., Waitman, L. R., Meurer, J. R., Osinski, K., Stoddard, A., Chrischilles, E., McClay, J. C., Cowell, L. G., Tachinardi, U., Embi, P. J., Mosa, A. S. M., Mandhadi, V., Shah, R. C., Garcia, D., Angulo, F., Patino, A., Trick, W. E., & Markossian, T. W. (2021). Effect of the Affordable Care Act on diabetes care at major health centers: newly detected diabetes and diabetes medication management. BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care, 9(Suppl 1), e002205. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002205 

NURS FPX 6030 Assessment 3 Intervention Plan Design

Giebel, G. D., Abels, C., Plescher, F., Speckemeier, C., Schrader, N. F., Börchers, K., Wasem, J., Neusser, S., & Blase, N. (2024). Problems and barriers related to the use of mhealth apps from the perspective of patients: Focus group and interview study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 26, e49982. https://doi.org/10.2196/49982 

Hamasaki, H. (2023). The effects of mindfulness on glycemic control in people with diabetes: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Medicines, 10(9), 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines10090053

Kumari, G., Singh, V., Chhajer, B., & Jhingan, A. K. (2021). Effect of lifestyle intervention holistic approach on blood glucose levels, health-related quality of life and medical treatment cost in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Acta Scientiarum. Health Sciences, 43, e53729. https://doi.org/10.4025/actascihealthsci.v43i1.53729 

O’Donoghue, G., O’Sullivan, C., Corridan, I., Daly, J., Finn, R., Melvin, K., & Peiris, C. (2021). Lifestyle interventions to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes living in low-and-middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(12), 6273. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126273

NURS FPX 6030 Assessment 3 Intervention Plan Design

Petroni, M. L., Brodosi, L., Marchignoli, F., Sasdelli, A. S., Caraceni, P., Marchesini, G., & Ravaioli, F. (2021). Nutrition in patients with type 2 diabetes: Present knowledge and remaining challenges. Nutrients, 13(8), 2748. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082748

Piombo, L., Nicolella, G., Barbarossa, G., Tubili, C., Pandolfo, M. M., Castaldo, M., Costanzo, G., Mirisola, C., & Cavani, A. (2020). Outcomes of culturally tailored dietary intervention in the North African and Bangladeshi diabetic patients in Italy. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(23). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238932

Raihan, N., & Cogburn, M. (2023). Stages of change theory. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556005/

Sass, R. (2023). Equity, autonomy, and the ethical risks and opportunities of generalist medical AI. AI and Ethics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43681-023-00380-8 

Wadhwa, R., & Boehning, A. P. (2023). The Joint Commission. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557846/