NURS FPX 4060 Assessment 1 Health Promotion Plan

Name

Capella university

NURS-FPX 4060 Practicing in the Community to Improve Population Health

Prof. Name

Date

Health Promotion Plan

In-Depth Analysis of Diabetes in Florida

In the diverse landscape of Florida, diabetes emerges as a significant community health concern impacting individuals across various demographic groups and geographic regions. This chronic condition not only affects individual health but also places a substantial burden on the healthcare system and community resources. Understanding the prevalence, underlying factors, and implications of diabetes within Florida’s community is crucial for developing effective interventions and promoting overall well-being. Around 2,071,045 individuals residing in Florida, which accounts for approximately 11.6% of the adult population, have received diagnoses of diabetes. The economic impact of diagnosed diabetes is estimated to be around $25 billion annually in Florida (American Diabetes Association, 2018).

Assumptions and Uncertainties

In analyzing the prevalence of diabetes within the Florida community, several underlying assumptions and points of uncertainty emerge, shaping the understanding of this health concern. Firstly, it’s assumed that the reported prevalence rates accurately reflect the true extent of diabetes within the community. However, uncertainties arise regarding the accuracy of these statistics due to potential underreporting or lack of access to healthcare among specific segments of Florida’s population.

While the analysis highlights the immediate economic impact of diagnosed diabetes, uncertainties exist regarding the long-term health outcomes and implications for individuals and communities. Diabetes-related complications, such as cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, and lower limb amputations, can significantly impact quality of life and mortality rates, but predicting and addressing these outcomes effectively requires comprehensive long-term data and analysis. Considering these data, this assessment will focus on developing a health promotion plan for a specific individual residing in the community of Florida.

Why Diabetes is Important for Florida Community and their Health Promotion

The community of Florida has been embracing the alarming rates of diabetes, necessitating focused health promotion efforts within the community. According to recent estimates, approximately 131,244 individuals in Florida are diagnosed with diabetes each year. This contributes to a total of 2,071,045 diagnosed cases, which accounts for 11.6% of the adult population. However, the impact of diabetes extends beyond diagnosed cases, with 546,000 more people in Florida do not know they have diabetes, significantly raising their risk of health problems. Moreover, prediabetes, which is defined as high blood glucose levels that occur before a

Health Promotion Plan

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a pathogen that attacks the immune system, specifically targeting CD4 cells, also known as T cells, which are crucial for the body’s ability to combat infections. The health promotion strategy for HIV addresses a virus that compromises the immune system, potentially leading to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). The profound health implications and the higher prevalence of HIV among specific populations need to address this issue (Ceccarelli et al., 2021). This plan focuses on education to raise awareness about prevention and treatment, empower communities to tackle HIV, encourage regular testing, and develop behavioral strategies to reduce risks. 

Patient Scenario

Emma is a 40-year-old African American single mother of three living in Los Angeles, working part-time as an administrative assistant with a low income that limits her access to healthcare. She has a high school education and some community college experience but couldn’t complete her degree due to financial constraints and caregiving responsibilities. Emma’s social circle includes friends who use intravenous drugs, which increases her risk of HIV exposure. Though she is aware of HIV, her knowledge about prevention, testing, and treatment is limited, making her vulnerable to the virus. This health promotion plan is designed to address Emma’s specific risk factors by enhancing her understanding of HIV prevention, encouraging regular testing, and supporting her in adopting safer practices.

Analysis of Community Health Concerns

HIV remains a significant public health issue that compromises the immune system and leads to AIDS if untreated, resulting in severe illness and mortality. The virus’s impact is extensive, driving up healthcare costs and impairing societal health. The Black/African American population, which constitutes 14% of the United States (U.S) population, faced a disproportionate health challenge in 2021, accounting for 40% of new AIDS diagnoses (HIV.gov, 2021). This disparity underscores the urgent need for targeted health promotion to address these inequities.

In Los Angeles County, minority communities experience a profound impact from HIV. Latinos account for 40% of those living with diagnosed HIV, followed by Whites at 26% and Black males at 16%. HIV prevalence is significantly high among men who have sex with other men, with 37% of African American/Black men and 18% of Hispanic/Latino men being affected (CDC, 2020). These statistics highlight the urgent need for culturally tailored HIV prevention and treatment initiatives. Additionally, intravenous drug use plays a substantial role in HIV transmission, representing about 6% of global HIV cases and one in ten cases in the U.S. This issue is mainly pressing in urban settings like Los Angeles, where drug use exacerbates the risk of HIV (CDC, 2022).

NURS FPX 4060 Assessment 1 Health Promotion Plan

The strategy for HIV requires a multifaceted health promotion strategy that emphasizes education, prevention, testing, and treatment. Initiatives should aim to diminish stigma, encourage safe practices, and provide robust support for individuals living with HIV. High-risk groups and social factors of health must be targeted to enhance efforts to reduce new infection rates and enhance community health (Thompson et al., 2020). The analysis assumes that focused health promotion interventions will decrease substantially new HIV cases in disproportionately impacted populations. There is some ambiguity about how these efforts will address cultural sensitivities and stigma. Furthermore, the influence of socioeconomic factors on the approach to managing HIV infection rate remains unclear (Baldassarre et al., 2020).

Need for the Plan and Analysis of Factors Contributing

The critical need to address HIV as a significant health issue is crucial within the African American community, which experiences the highest rates of HIV infection and related mortality. In 2021, the HIV death rate among African Americans was around 20.5 deaths per 100,000 population, higher than that of other racial groups (He et al., 2023). This alarming figure highlights the urgent need for targeted strategies to prevent new infections and improve the well-being of individuals affected by HIV. Effective health promotion initiatives can help reduce these disparities by increasing awareness, encouraging regular screening, and safeguarding approaches to prevention and support facilities (Bono et al., 2020).

Analysis of Contributing Factors

Several factors contribute to the elevated rates of HIV and health disparities within the African American community. Socioeconomic issues, such as financial hardship and limited access to healthcare, increase susceptibility to HIV. Cultural stigma and misinformation about the virus discourage individuals from screening and seeking treatment. Additionally, unsafe practices, such as insecure sexual activity and injection drug use, contribute to the transmission of HIV (Ekholuenetale et al., 2021). Culturally tailored and integrated health promotion strategies address these issues by enhancing service accessibility, reducing stigma, and lowering both the incidence and mortality rates of HIV in this population (Lalhruaimawii et al., 2022).

Establishing Health Goals

The health promotion plan for individuals like Emma aims to set realistic and achievable SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound) goals to prevent HIV (Mozafarinia et al., 2020). This project centers on Emma, a 40-year-old African American single mother of three living in the town center of Los Angeles. Emma works part-time as an administrative assistant and has a low income, which makes it challenging for her to afford healthcare and other essential services. She completed high school and took some community college courses but was unable to finish her degree due to financial constraints and the need to care for her children.

Emma’s lifestyle includes occasional social gatherings and spending time with friends who use intravenous drugs, increasing her risk of HIV exposure from shared needles. She is aware of HIV, but her insight into prevention and testing is inadequate. The goals for Emma were established through collaborative discussions to ensure they align with her personal health needs and objectives. These objectives aim to meet the targets set by Healthy People 2030 and focus on enhancing HIV prevention, testing, and treatment outcomes aligned with national health goals (Healthy People 2030, 2020).

NURS FPX 4060 Assessment 1 Health Promotion Plan

• Goal 1: By the end of the six-week program, Emma will participate in four educational sessions on HIV prevention and treatment and must achieve a minimum score of 80% on post-session assessments to demonstrate a thorough understanding of HIV prevention.

This goal requires Emma’s participation in four planned educational sessions on HIV prevention and treatment (S). It is assessed through post-session quizzes and feedback, aiming for a minimum score of 80% (M). The goal is to provide the availability of accessible educational resources such as brochures and interactive workshops tailored to her learning needs (A) (Niala, 2023). Addressing her existing knowledge gaps about HIV is pertinent to Emma’s health improvement in six weeks (R, T).

• Goal 2: Within three months, Emma will schedule an HIV test at a local clinic and will receive ongoing support to ensure she adheres to annual testing.

The health goal for Emma involves scheduling an HIV test within three months and specifically targeting the action of undergoing testing at a local clinic (S). At the completion of the test will measure her adherence to the goal (M). The feasibility of this goal is supported through education through the health promotion program, which will provide Emma with insights into the significance of testing and available support resources (A) (Wilson et al., 2021). The goal addresses her health concerns and risk factors. It is time-bound and set to be achieved within three months (R, T).

NURS FPX 4060 Assessment 1 Health Promotion Plan

• Goal 3: Within the next two months, Emma will attend two workshops on safe practices and create a personal strategy to minimize risk behaviors, demonstrating a 50% enhancement in self-reported protective measures.

Goal 3 for Emma is defining a precise aim to participate in educational sessions focused on HIV risk reduction (S). It is evaluated through pre- and post-workshop assessments, aiming for a 50% enhancement in self-reported protective behaviors (M). The goal’s achievability is ensured by the workshops’ educational content, which will provide Emma with the knowledge and tools necessary to create a personal risk reduction plan (A) (Niala, 2023). This goal directly addresses Emma’s need to implement safer practices. It is Time-bound and scheduled to be completed within two months (R, T).

Conclusion

The health promotion plan for HIV aims to address critical disparities by setting SMART goals focused on education, testing, and risk reduction. By targeting high-impact communities and utilizing structured strategies, this approach seeks to improve understanding and access to essential services. Implementing these goals within a specific timeframe will contribute to reducing HIV-related health disparities and enhancing public health outcomes. This inclusive approach aims to lower new infection rates and supports individuals in managing AIDS.

References

Baldassarre, A., Giorgi, G., Alessio, F., Lulli, L. G., Arcangeli, G., & Mucci, N. (2020). Stigma and Discrimination (SAD) at the time of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(17), 6341. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176341

Bono, R. S., Dahman, B., Sabik, L. M., Yerkes, L. E., Deng, Y., Belgrave, F. Z., Nixon, D. E., Rhodes, A. G., & Kimmel, A. D. (2020). Human immunodeficiency virus–Experienced clinician workforce capacity: Urban–rural disparities in the southern United States. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 72(9), 1615–1622. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa300

CDC. (2020). Los Angeles County Department of Public Health funded categories (pp. 1–2). https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pdf/research/demonstration/executive_summaries/cdc-hiv-pride-Los-Angeles.pdf 

CDC. (2022, March 16). Injection drug use, HIV risk and prevention | HIV/AIDS | CDC. Www.cdc.gov. https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/risk/drugs/index.html 

NURS FPX 4060 Assessment 1 Health Promotion Plan

Ceccarelli, G., Giovanetti, M., Sagnelli, C., Ciccozzi, A., d’Ettorre, G., Angeletti, S., Borsetti, A., & Ciccozzi, M. (2021). Human immunodeficiency virus type 2: The neglected threat. Pathogens, 10(11), 1377. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10111377

Ekholuenetale, M., Onuoha, H., Ekholuenetale, C. E., Barrow, A., & Nzoputam, C. I. (2021). Socioeconomic inequalities in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) seroprevalence among women in Namibia: Further analysis of population-based data. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(17), 9397. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179397

He, X., Fox, M., Zou, B., Liu, J., Ya, Z., Zu, J., Li, Y., Tang, W., Zhang, L., & Ji, F. (2023). HIV‐related mortality in the United States during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A population‐based study. Journal of Internal Medicine, 294(2), 178–190. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.13647 

Healthy People 2030. (2020). HIV workgroup – Healthy People 2030 | health.gov. Health.gov. https://health.gov/healthypeople/about/workgroups/hiv-workgroup 

HIV.gov. (2021, June 2). U.S. Statistics. HIV.gov; U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/data-and-trends/statistics

Lalhruaimawii, I., Danturulu, M. V., Rai, S., Chandrashekar, U. K., & Radhakrishnan, R. (2022). Determinants of stigma faced by people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A narrative review from past and present scenario in India. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 17, 101117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2022.101117

NURS FPX 4060 Assessment 1 Health Promotion Plan

Mozafarinia, M., Rajabiyazdi, F., Brouillette. M. J., Fellows, L., Knäuper, B., & Mayo, N. E. (2020). Effectiveness of a personalized health profile on specificity of self-management goals among people living with HIV in Canada: A protocol for a blinded pragmatic randomized controlled trial. MNI Open Research, 4, 1. https://doi.org/10.12688/mniopenres.12846.1

Niala. (2023). I am (un)safe: Implementation of Educational Pamphlet and Online Campaign (EPOC) to increase the level of awareness on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) of grade 11 students. Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 7(7), 573–578. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7742733

Thompson, M. A., Horberg, M. A., Agwu, A. L., Colasanti, J. A., Jain, M. K., Short, W. R., Singh, T., & Aberg, J. A. (2020). Primary care guidance for persons with human immunodeficiency virus: 2020 Update by the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 73(11), e3572–e3605. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa1391

Wilson, I., Jamil, M. S., Witzel, T. C., Glidded, D. V., Johnson, C., Le Trouneau, N., Ford, N., McGee, K., Kemp, C., Baral, S., Schwartz, S., & Geng, E. H. (2021). A systematic review and network meta-analyses to assess the effectiveness of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) self-testing distribution strategies. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 73(4), e1018–e1028. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab029