NURS FPX 6414 Assessment 2 Proposal to Administration

Name

Capella university

NURS-FPX 6414 Advancing Health Care Through Data Mining

Prof. Name

Date

Proposal to Administration

The rising prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) in the United States has prompted healthcare organizations to adopt self-management strategies aimed at enhancing patient care and disease control. Self-management involves a collaborative approach that engages nurses, healthcare providers, and stakeholders in empowering patients to manage their condition effectively. As highlighted by Winkley et al. (2020), these strategies focus on daily monitoring, medication adherence, meal planning, and physical activity. Effective self-management not only improves glycemic control but also fosters long-term behavioral change in patients. Agarwal et al. (2019) emphasized that structured educational programs, particularly those incorporating mobile technology, play a pivotal role in delivering timely interventions and guidance to patients.

Healthcare organizations should prioritize patient education through evidence-based interventions such as Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) programs. These initiatives facilitate skill development and promote informed decision-making regarding diet, insulin use, and symptom recognition. As patients gain confidence and autonomy, they are more likely to adhere to their treatment regimens and prevent complications. By embedding these interventions into primary care settings, healthcare systems can ensure consistent support and monitoring for individuals managing T2D.

Measuring and Benchmarking Type 2 Diabetes Outcomes

Evaluating T2D outcomes is essential for guiding treatment decisions and improving healthcare quality. Given that over 500 million people globally are affected by T2D, healthcare systems rely on standardized benchmarks to assess disease management and patient progress (Adam, 2018). Among these benchmarks, the most recognized is the maintenance of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels below 7%, which indicates optimal glycemic control (van Smoorenburg et al., 2019). Additionally, weight reduction of at least 15% is strongly recommended to enhance insulin sensitivity and mitigate comorbidities (Apovian et al., 2018).

The Chronic Disease Management System (CDMS) has emerged as a valuable tool in facilitating continuous patient monitoring and streamlining treatment documentation. Through the integration of electronic health records, providers can track progress, adjust medications, and ensure that patients meet clinical goals. Mortality remains a significant concern in T2D care, with a 5% death rate linked to inadequate treatment and systemic disparities (Agarwal et al., 2019). To address these issues, regular assessment of outcomes enables clinicians to modify interventions and improve care coordination.

Table 1: Key Outcome Benchmarks for Type 2 Diabetes Management

Benchmark/Indicator	Recommended Target or Status	Source
HbA1c Level	Below 7%	van Smoorenburg et al., 2019
Weight Reduction Goal	Minimum of 15% loss	Apovian et al., 2018
Hospital Readmission Rate	Approximately 25% among diabetes patients	Wu, 2019
Mortality Rate	5% of patients due to care quality deficiencies	Agarwal et al., 2019
CDMS Functionality	Improves glucose control and documentation	Agarwal et al., 2019
DSMES Program Impact	Enhances self-care behavior and patient engagement	Adam, 2018

Data Measures and Implications

T2D trends indicate an urgent need for systemic changes in care delivery, especially in high-risk populations. Between the 1980s and 2015, diabetes prevalence almost doubled globally, rising from 4.7% to 8.5% (Agarwal et al., 2019). In the U.S., disparities based on education and race have amplified the impact of diabetes. Wu (2019) found that lower education levels correlate with higher rates of T2D, suggesting that improving health literacy could significantly reduce disease burden. Conversely, individuals with higher educational attainment tend to adopt healthier lifestyles and seek preventive care more consistently.

The burden of T2D is notably higher in minority populations, particularly among Hispanic and Black Americans, who are more likely to experience complications and require hospitalization. This demographic disparity underscores the need for culturally competent care models. Furthermore, blood glucose metrics serve as important indicators of disease severity, with levels above 200 mg/dL signaling increased risk of disease progression (van Smoorenburg et al., 2019). Targeting these metrics through self-management education could reduce the national readmission rate, which currently stands at approximately 25%.

Table 2: Trends and Disparities in Type 2 Diabetes

Category	Observations	Source
Prevalence Increase	Global rise from 4.7% to 8.5% (1980–2015)	Agarwal et al., 2019
Mortality Ranking	Seventh leading cause of death in the U.S. since 2019	Adam, 2018
Racial Disparities	Higher prevalence in Hispanic and Black populations	Wu, 2019
Educational Impact	Low education linked with higher disease rates	Winkley et al., 2020
Readmission Rates	25% readmission rate among hospitalized T2D patients	Wu, 2019
Glucose Benchmarks	<140 mg/dL is standard; >200 mg/dL indicates high risk	van Smoorenburg et al., 2019

The analysis reveals that educational attainment, racial demographics, and healthcare access are primary influencers in diabetes outcomes. Without addressing these factors, efforts to reduce morbidity and mortality may fall short. Expanding access to DSMES, targeting community-level health education, and leveraging digital tools like mobile apps can bridge the care gaps and promote equity.

Conclusion

Addressing Type 2 Diabetes requires a comprehensive strategy rooted in patient empowerment, education, and evidence-based benchmarks. The integration of DSMES programs, outcome-based assessments, and data-informed interventions enables healthcare providers to track progress and tailor care. Current trends underscore the influence of racial disparities and education on disease management and outcomes. Structured self-management interventions—supported by technology and policy changes—can substantially reduce complications, hospital readmissions, and healthcare costs. Through proactive engagement, healthcare systems can advance equitable and effective diabetes care.

References

Adam, L., O’Connor, C., & Garcia, A. C. (2018). Evaluating the impact of diabetes self-management education methods on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of adult patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Canadian Journal of Diabetes, 42(5), 470–477.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.11.003

NURS FPX 6414 Assessment 2 Proposal to Administration

Agarwal, P., Mukerji, G., Desveaux, L., Ivers, N. M., Bhattacharyya, O., Hensel, J. M., Shaw, J., Bouck, Z., Jamieson, T., Onabajo, N., Cooper, M., Marani, H., Jeffs, L., & Bhatia, R. S. (2019). Mobile app for improved self-management of Type 2 Diabetes: Multicenter pragmatic randomized controlled trial. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 7(1), e10321. https://doi.org/10.2196/10321

Apovian, C. M., Okemah, J., & O’Neil, P. M. (2018). Body weight considerations in the management of Type 2 Diabetes. Advances in Therapy, 36(1), 44–58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-018-0824-8

van Smoorenburg, A. N., Hertroijs, D. F. L., Dekkers, T., Elissen, A. M. J., & Melles, M. (2019). Patients’ perspective on self-management: Type 2 Diabetes in daily life. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1), 605. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4384-7

Winkley, K., Upsher, R., Stahl, D., Pollard, D., Kasera, A., Brennan, A., Heller, S., & Ismail, K. (2020). Psychological interventions to improve self-management of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: A systematic review. Health Technology Assessment, 24(28), 1–232. https://doi.org/10.3310/hta24280

NURS FPX 6414 Assessment 2 Proposal to Administration

Wu, F. L., Tai, H. C., & Sun, J. C. (2019). Self-management experience of middle-aged and older adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A qualitative study. Asian Nursing Research, 13(3), 209–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2019.06.002